Gastric Reduction Surgeries and Their Impact on Quality of Life

Obesity is one of the most common and serious health problems of the modern era. Today, excess weight is not only an aesthetic issue but also a significant risk factor that forms the foundation of metabolic and chronic diseases. Bariatric surgery is one of the methods developed as a solution to this condition and is increasingly preferred. Especially gastric reduction surgeries offer promising results for individuals looking to take a step toward a healthier life.

The contributions of obesity surgery to physical health are significant, but its effects on individuals' psychological well-being and quality of life are equally important. In this article, we will deeply explore the details of obesity surgery, the types of gastric reduction surgeries, and their effects on quality of life.

What is Obesity Surgery?

Obesity surgery encompasses a series of procedures where the digestive system is surgically altered to facilitate weight loss. It is typically performed on individuals with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 35 or higher. For those who are unable to lose weight through traditional methods such as diet and exercise, obesity surgery can provide a permanent and effective solution.

These surgeries work by either reducing the stomach's volume or decreasing the intestines' absorption capacity. As a result, individuals feel full with smaller portions, and the weight loss process is accelerated.

What are Stomach Reduction Surgeries?

Sleeve Gastrectomy

Gastric sleeve surgery, also known as sleeve gastrectomy, is one of the most common obesity surgery methods. During this procedure, a large portion of the stomach is removed, leaving a small, tube-shaped stomach. This helps individuals feel full with smaller portions.

Advantages:

• Provides effective weight loss in a short time.
• As the stomach shrinks, the production of the hunger hormone “ghrelin” decreases.
• The digestive system maintains its natural structure.

Disadvantages:

• It is an irreversible surgery.
• Vitamin and mineral deficiencies may be seen after surgery.

Gastric Bypass Surgery

Gastric bypass is another popular type of weight loss surgery. In this procedure, a small portion of the stomach is made accessible and directly connected to the small intestine. As a result, both the stomach volume is reduced and the absorption of nutrients is decreased.

Advantages:

• Provides fast and long-term weight loss.
• It provides improvement in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.

Disadvantages:

• Serious vitamin and mineral deficiencies can occur because nutrient absorption is reduced.
• It requires regular follow-up after surgery.

Mini Gastric Bypass

Mini gastric bypass is a simpler and shorter operation than conventional bypass surgery. Both the stomach is reduced in size and some of the intestines are deactivated.

Advantages:

• The operation time is shorter.
• It provides faster healing.

Mide Bandı (Gastrik Band)

In this method, a silicone band is placed on the upper part of the stomach to reduce the stomach volume. However, the gastric band is less preferred today than other methods.

Advantages:

• It is a reversible surgery.
• Postoperative adjustment can be made.

Disadvantages:

• The effect is less than other methods.
• The tape can slip off or damage the stomach.

Who is Suitable for Obesity Surgery?

Obesity surgery is not an option for everyone. Certain criteria must be met for surgery:

• Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 and above.
• Individuals with a BMI between 35-40 and comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension.
• People who cannot lose weight with diet, exercise and medical treatments.
• Individuals who can adapt to lifestyle changes after surgery.

Effects of Obesity Surgery on Physical Health

Bariatric surgery not only provides weight loss but also plays an important role in the treatment of many chronic diseases:

• Type 2 Diabetes: Surgeries such as gastric bypass can lead to a complete cure for diabetes.
• Hypertension Thanks to weight loss, blood pressure returns to normal levels.
• Sleep Apnea: Respiratory problems caused by excess weight are eliminated.
• Joint Problems: Weight loss reduces the pressure on the joints.

Psychological Effects of Stomach Reduction Surgery

Obesity not only affects the physical health of individuals but also places a great burden on their psychological health. Social isolation, depression and lack of self-confidence are common due to excess weight. These negative effects are greatly reduced after stomach reduction surgeries:

• Increased Self-Confidence: Individuals feel better as they reach their ideal weight.
• Participation in Social Life: Activities that have been avoided due to weight gain become part of life again.
• Decreased Symptoms of Depression: Weight loss increases the secretion of happiness hormones.

The Effect of Stomach Reduction Surgery on Quality of Life

Individuals who undergo bariatric surgery experience significant improvements in their quality of life. After surgery, individuals begin to lead a more active and healthy life.

• Increased Energy Levels: Fatigue caused by excess weight disappears.
• Sport and Physical Activity: After the surgery, mobility increases and sports become enjoyable.
• Healthy Eating Habits: The habit of filling up with small portions is acquired.

Things to Consider After Stomach Reduction Surgery

The postoperative period is just as important as the operation itself. Long-term success requires permanent lifestyle changes:

• Balanced and Healthy Nutrition: A diet rich in protein, vitamins and minerals should be established.
• Regular Exercise: Physical activity should be done at least 3 days a week.
• Vitamin and Mineral Supplements: Deficiencies need to be avoided due to absorption problems.
• Regular Doctor Check-ups: Postoperative health status should be closely monitored.

Obesity Surgery Stomach Reduction Surgery

Stomach reduction surgeries are an important step on the road to a healthy life. Methods such as sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass offer permanent solutions in the fight against excess weight. However, it is necessary to be careful and adopt healthy living habits in the postoperative period.

Obesity surgery is an effective and permanent method in the fight against excess weight. Thanks to stomach reduction surgeries, individuals experience a great improvement both physically and psychologically. These operations can be a life-changing step for a healthy and quality life.